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Nguyen, T. G., & Dương, T. H. N. (2022). An assessment of factors influencing career choices among fresh graduates: a survey of students majoring in business and economics. Journal of International Economics and Management, 22(1), 78-99. https://doi.org/10.38203/jiem.022.1.0043
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An assessment of factors influencing career choices among fresh graduates: a survey of students majoring in business and economics
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper aims to identify and analyze factors that affect the career choices of fresh graduates majoring in business and economics. The proposed model of the study consists of four independent variables, which are family factors, personal interests, financial benefits, and peer influences. The results from the exploratory factor analysis and the multiple regression analysis with data collected from 198 fresh graduates show that family factors have no relationship with career choices. Personal interests have the strongest influence on career choices, which are followed by financial benefits. Peer influences show a negative relationship with career choices. Based on these results, recommendations are proposed for fresh graduates, parents, academic institutions and educators, and businesses.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Keywords
Fresh graduates, Career choices, Personal interests, Financial benefits, Peer influence
References
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Akosah-Twumasi, P., Emeto, T.I., Lindsay, D., Tsey, K. and Malau-Aduli, B.S. (2018), “A systematic
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Education, Vol. 3 No. 58, pp. 1 - 15.
Al-Abri, N. and Kooli, C. (2018), “Factors affecting the career path choice of graduates: a case of
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Alika, H.I. (2010a), “Career choice in engineering: the influence of peer and parents implication for counselling”, College Student Journal, Vol. 46 No. 3, pp. 535 - 542.
Alika, H.I. (2010b), “Parental and peer group influence as correlates of career choice in humanities among secondary school students in Edo State, Nigeria”, Journal of Research in Education and Society, Vol. 1 No. 13, pp. 178 - 185.
Anojan, V. and Nimalathasan, B. (2013), “Factors influencing in career choice of second year undergraduate students: a case study of faculty of management studies and commerce”, International Journal of Social Science and Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 2 No. 11, pp. 16 - 25.
Atitsogbe, K.A., Moumoula, I.A., Rochat, S., Antonietti, J.P. and Rossier, J. (2018), “Vocational
interests and career indecision in Switzerland and Burkina Faso: cross-cultural similarities and differences”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 107, pp. 126 - 140.
Bojuwoye, O. and Mbanjwa, S. (2006), “Factors impacting on career choices of Technikon students from previously disadvantaged high schools”, Journal of Psychology in Africa, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 3 - 16.
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by students enrolled in a college of agricultural sciences and natural resources”, NACTA
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Hieu, D.V., Nhung, D.T.H. and Linh, T.M. (2021), “Identifying work-related factors influencing job
satisfaction using job descriptive index (JDI) questionnaire: a study of IT companies in Hanoi”,
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Behavior, Vol. 75 No. 2, pp. 100 - 108.
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Keenan, A. and Newton, T. (1986), “Work aspirations and experiences of young graduate engineers”,
Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 224 - 237.
Kolawole, J.A., Osundina, K.S., James, O.O. and Abolaji, J.A. (2012), “Influence of information
use and demographic characteristics on career choice of adolescent students in Nigeria”,
International Journal of Information Technology and Business Management, Vol. 40 No. 1,
pp. 47 - 54.
Lent, R.W., Paixao, M.P., Da Silva, J.T. and Leitao, L.M. (2010), “Predicting occupational interests
and choice aspirations in Portuguese high school students: a test of social cognitive career
theory”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 244 - 251.
Liaw, S.Y., Wu, L T., Lopez, V., Chow, Y.L., Lim, S., Holroyd, E. and Wang, W. (2017), “Development
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Ahmed, A., Sharif, N. and Ahmad, N. (2017), “Factors influencing students’ career choices: empirical evidence from business students”, Journal of Southeast Asian Research, Vol. 2017, pp. 1 - 15.
Akosah-Twumasi, P., Emeto, T.I., Lindsay, D., Tsey, K. and Malau-Aduli, B.S. (2018), “A systematic
review of factors that influence youths career choices - The role of culture”, In Frontiers in
Education, Vol. 3 No. 58, pp. 1 - 15.
Al-Abri, N. and Kooli, C. (2018), “Factors affecting the career path choice of graduates: a case of
Omani”, International Journal of Youth Economy, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 105 - 117.
Albert, W. and Tullis, T. (2013), Measuring the user experience: collecting, analyzing, and presenting usability metrics, Newnes.
Alexander, P.M., Holmner, M., Lotriet, H.H., Matthee, M.C., Pieterse, H.V., Naidoo, S., Twinomurinzi, H. and Jordaan, D. (2011), “Factors affecting career choice: comparison between students from the computer and other disciplines”, Journal of Science Education and Technology, Vol. 20 No. 3, pp. 300 - 315.
Alika, H.I. (2010a), “Career choice in engineering: the influence of peer and parents implication for counselling”, College Student Journal, Vol. 46 No. 3, pp. 535 - 542.
Alika, H.I. (2010b), “Parental and peer group influence as correlates of career choice in humanities among secondary school students in Edo State, Nigeria”, Journal of Research in Education and Society, Vol. 1 No. 13, pp. 178 - 185.
Anojan, V. and Nimalathasan, B. (2013), “Factors influencing in career choice of second year undergraduate students: a case study of faculty of management studies and commerce”, International Journal of Social Science and Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 2 No. 11, pp. 16 - 25.
Atitsogbe, K.A., Moumoula, I.A., Rochat, S., Antonietti, J.P. and Rossier, J. (2018), “Vocational
interests and career indecision in Switzerland and Burkina Faso: cross-cultural similarities and differences”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 107, pp. 126 - 140.
Bojuwoye, O. and Mbanjwa, S. (2006), “Factors impacting on career choices of Technikon students from previously disadvantaged high schools”, Journal of Psychology in Africa, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 3 - 16.
Cambridge dictionary. (n.d.), “Graduate”, Available at https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/graduate (Accessed 26 September, 2021).
Dang, T. (2017), “Gia dinh va giao duc gia dinh trong boi canh xa hoi ngay nay”, Available at https://nhandan.vn/tin-tuc-xa-hoi/gia-dinh-va-giao-duc-gia-dinh-trong-boi-canh-xa-hoi-ngaynay-296595/ (Accessed 28 June, 2021).
DeSimone, R., Werner, J. and Harris, D. (2002), Human resource development, 3rd ed., Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers.
Etikan, I. and Bala, K. (2017), “Sampling and sampling methods”, Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal, Vol. 5 No. 6, pp. 9 - 14.
Ferentz, M. and Rosenzweig, N. (1955), Table of F coefficients, Argonne National Laboratory.
Fizer, D. (2013), “Factors affecting career choices of college students enrolled in agriculture”, A
research paper presented for the Master of Science in Agriculture and Natural Science degree at The University of Tennessee, Martin, pp. 51 - 54.
Fouad, N.A., Kim, S., Ghosh, A., Chang, W. and Figueiredo, C. (2015), “Family influence on career decision making”, Journal of Career Assessment, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 197 - 212.
Gardner, M. and Steinberg, L. (2005), “Peer influence on risk taking, risk preference, and risky decision making in adolescence and adulthood: an experimental study”, Developmental Psychology, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 625 - 635.
Gecikli, F. (2002), “The role of individual career planning and enhancement image”, Istanbul Universitesi Iletisim Fakultesi Dergisi, Vol. 15, pp. 337 - 354.
Goddard, W. and Melville, S. (2004), Research methodology: an introduction, Juta and Company Ltd.
Gokuladas, V.K. (2010), “Technical and non‐technical education and the employability of engineering graduates: an Indian case study”, International Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 130 - 143.
Graham, C. and McKenzie, A. (1995), “Delivering the promise: developing new graduates”, Education of Training, Vol. 37 No. 1, pp. 4 - 11.
Guan, Y., Chen, S.X., Levin, N., Bond, M.H., Luo, N., Xu, J. and Han, X. (2015), “Differences in career decision-making profiles between American and Chinese university students: the relative strength of mediating mechanisms across cultures”, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 46 No. 6, pp. 856 - 872.
Hartung, P.J. (1995), Assessing career certainty and choice status, ERIC Digest.
Hashim, H.M. and Embong, A.M. (2015), “Parental and peer influences upon accounting as a subject and accountancy as a career”, Journal of Economics, Business and Management, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 252 - 256.
Herren, C.D., Cartmell, D.D. and Robertson, J.T. (2011), “Perceptions of influence on college choice
by students enrolled in a college of agricultural sciences and natural resources”, NACTA
Journal, Vol. 55 No. 3, pp. 54 - 60.
Hieu, D.V., Nhung, D.T.H. and Linh, T.M. (2021), “Identifying work-related factors influencing job
satisfaction using job descriptive index (JDI) questionnaire: a study of IT companies in Hanoi”,
Journal of International Economics and Management, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 63 - 85.
Holland, J.L. (1966), The psychology of vocational choice: a theory of personality type and model environments, Waltham: Blaisdell.
Howard, K.A., Ferrari, L., Nota, L., Solberg, V.S.H. and Soresi, S. (2009), “The relation of cultural
context and social relationships to career development in middle school”, Journal of Vocational
Behavior, Vol. 75 No. 2, pp. 100 - 108.
Humayon, A., Raza, S., Aamir Khan, R. and Ansari, N. (2018), “Effect of family influence, personal interest and economic considerations on career choice amongst undergraduate students in higher educational institutions of Vehari, Pakistan”, International Journal of Organizational Leadership, Vol. 7 No. 2, pp. 129 - 142.
Jodl, K.M., Michael, A., Malanchuk, O., Eccles, J.S. and Sameroff, A. (2001), “Parents’ roles in
shaping early adolescents’ occupational aspirations”, Child Development, Vol. 72 No. 4, pp. 1247 - 1266.
Jusoh, M., Simun, M. and Chong, S.C. (2011), “Expectation gaps, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of fresh graduates: roles of graduates, higher learning institutions and employers”, Education + Training, Vol. 53 No. 6, pp. 515 - 530.
Kaiser, H.F. (1974), “An index of factorial simplicity”, Psychometrika, Vol. 39 No.1, pp. 31 - 36.
Kaur, A. (2020), “Peer pressure as predictor of career decision making among adolescents”, IJRARInternational Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 72 - 77.
Keenan, A. and Newton, T. (1986), “Work aspirations and experiences of young graduate engineers”,
Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 23 No. 2, pp. 224 - 237.
Kolawole, J.A., Osundina, K.S., James, O.O. and Abolaji, J.A. (2012), “Influence of information
use and demographic characteristics on career choice of adolescent students in Nigeria”,
International Journal of Information Technology and Business Management, Vol. 40 No. 1,
pp. 47 - 54.
Lent, R.W., Paixao, M.P., Da Silva, J.T. and Leitao, L.M. (2010), “Predicting occupational interests
and choice aspirations in Portuguese high school students: a test of social cognitive career
theory”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 244 - 251.
Liaw, S.Y., Wu, L T., Lopez, V., Chow, Y.L., Lim, S., Holroyd, E. and Wang, W. (2017), “Development
and psychometric testing of an instrument to compare career choice influences and perceptions of nursing among healthcare students”, BMC Medical Education, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 72 - 81.
Lui, J.L., Yap, F.T., Ong, T.K. and Chai, S.S. (2013), Perception of factors that influence career
decision making among undergraduates in Klang Valley, Doctoral dissertation, UTAR.
Luttrell, R. and McGrath, K. (2021), Gen Z: the superhero generation, Rowman & Littlefield Publisher.
Maina, B.N. (2013), Factors influencing career choice among undergraduate students in public
universities in Kenya – A case of compassion for international sponsored students, Unpublished master thesis, Kenya: University of Nairobi.
Mansfield, E.R. and Helms, B.P. (1982), “Detecting multicollinearity”, The American Statistician,
Vol. 36 No. 3a, pp.158 - 160.
Marinas, L.E., Igret, R.S., Marinas, C.V. and Prioteasa, E. (2016), “Factors influencing career choice:
the Romanian business and administration students’ experience”, European Journal of
Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 3, pp. 267 - 278.
Mashige, K.P. and Oduntan, O.A. (2011), “Factors influencing South African optometry students in
choosing their career and institution of learning”, African Vision and Eye Health, Vol. 70 No. 1,
pp. 21 - 28.
McGaha, S.T. (2005), Career choices and factors influencing career change among Oklahoma State
University agricultural communications graduates, Master thesis, Oklahoma State University.
Migunde, Q., Agak, J. and Odiwuor, W. (2012), “Gender differences, career aspirations and career
development barriers of secondary school students in Kisumu municipality”, Gender and
Behaviour, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 4987 - 4997.
Moss, J. (2019), “Burnout is about your workplace, not your people”, Harvard Business Review,
Available at https://hbr.org/2019/12/burnout-is-about-your-workplace-not-your-people
(Accessed 23 June, 2021).
Mtemeri, J. (2020), “Peer pressure as a predictor of career decision-making among high school
students in Midlands Province, Zimbabwe”, Global Journal of Guidance and Counseling in
Schools: Current Perspectives, Vol. 10 No. 3, pp. 120 - 131.
Naz, A., Saeed, G., Khan, W., Khan, N., Sheik, L. and Khan, N. (2014), “Peer and friends and career
decision making: a critical analysis”, Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 22 No. 8,
pp. 1193 - 1197.
Nguyen, P. (2020), “2020: the year for Vietnamese streamers, YouTubers – VietNamNet”, Available at https://vietnamnet.vn/en/sci-tech-environment/2020-the-year-for-vietnamese-streamersyoutubers-704659.html/ (Accessed 28 June, 2021).
Nguyen, T.G. (2018), “Vietnamese media going social: connectivism, collectivism, and conservatism”, The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 77 No. 4, pp. 895 - 908.
Nunnally, J.C. and Bernstein, I.H. (1994), Psychometric theory, 3rd ed., New York McGraw-Hill.
Pablo-Lerchundi, I., Nunez-del-Rio, M.C. and Gonzalez-Tirados, R.M. (2015), “Career choice in engineering students: its relationship with motivation, satisfaction and the development of professional plans”, Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 268 - 279.
Purohit, D., Jayswal, M. and Muduli, A. (2020), “Factors influencing graduate job choice - A systematic literature review”, European Journal of Training and Development, Vol. 45 No. 4/5, pp. 381 - 401.
Ratner, B. (2009), “The correlation coefficient: its values range between+ 1/− 1, or do they?”, Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, Vol. 17 No. 2, pp. 139 - 142.
Salami, S.O. (2008), “Roles of personality, vocational interests, academic achievement and socio‐cultural factors in educational aspirations of secondary school adolescents in southwestern Nigeria”, Career Development International, Vol. 13 No. 7, pp. 630 - 647.
Saleem, N., Hanan, M.A., Saleem, I and Shamshad, R.M. (2014), “Career selection: role of parent’s profession, mass media and personal choice”, Bulletin of Education and Research, Vol. 36 No. 2, pp. 25 - 37.
Shujaat, S. and Manzoor, A. (2014), “Importance of motivational factors among fresh graduate
employees”, IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), Vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 102 - 113.
Tran, M.T. and Duong, T.H.N. (2020), “Nghien cuu cac nhan to anh huong toi nang luc khoi nghiep cua sinh vien truong Dai học Ngoai thuong”, Tap chi Quan ly va Kinh te quoc te, So 130, tr. 1 - 15.
Wickramasinghe, V. and Perera, L. (2010), “Graduates’, university lecturers’ and employers’
perceptions towards employability skills”, Education & Training, Vol. 52 No. 3, pp. 226 - 244.
Whiston, S.C. and Keller, B.K. (2004), “The influences of the family of origin on career development: a review and analysis”, The Counseling Psychologist, Vol. 32 No. 4, pp. 493 - 568.
World Bank Group. (2016), “Vietnam 2035”, Available at http://vids.mpi.gov.vn/Includes/
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