By submitting a manuscript to JIEM, the authors commit that the work is original, free of fabrication or falsification, and does not contain any duplication of the authors' own work.

Referencing all related work is required. To ensure writing and research integrity, JIEM employs the iThenticate plagiarism detection system to check all manuscripts for duplicate and unattributed content.

In preventing plagiarism from occurring, we request the reviewers notify the editors when suspecting plagiarism, fraud, or other ethical concerns. Details are found in the Review Form.