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Hoang, T. H., Duong, T. H. N., & Pham, H. T. (2021). An empirical analysis of factors affecting the intention of using digital wallets in Vietnam. Journal of International Economics and Management, 21(1), 86-107. https://doi.org/10.38203/jiem.021.1.0024
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An empirical analysis of factors affecting the intention of using digital wallets in Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigates factors affecting consumers’ behavioral intention of using digital wallets in Vietnam. The research model consists of five independent variables: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and perceived risks. The exploratory factor analysis and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data collected from 280 Vietnamese individuals. This study confirms that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions positively influence the behavioral intention of using digital wallets. Importantly, performance expectancy and effort expectancy are the most significant determinants of behavioral intention. In contrast, perceived risks are found to negatively affect the behavioral intention of using digital wallets. The results of this quantitative research have illuminated a deep understanding of the factors influencing the behavioral intentions of Vietnamese consumers. These findings underscore the imperative for service providers to prioritize the enhancement of digital wallet user-friendliness, features, and functions to elevate the overall user experience and streamline financial transactions. Additionally, addressing and fortifying the security infrastructure of digital wallets emerges as a key strategy to mitigate perceived risks, thereby fostering a more favorable environment for Vietnamese consumers to enthusiastically embrace and utilize digital wallet services.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Keywords
Behavioral intention, Digital wallet, Financial transactions
References
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Apanasevic, T., Markendahl, J. and Arvidsson, N. (2016), “Stakeholders’ expectations of mobile payment in retail: lessons from Sweden”, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 37 - 61.
Arvidsson, N. (2014), “Consumer attitudes on mobile payment services–results from a proof of concept test”, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 150 - 170.
Ashok, A., Gajera, S., Chakraborty, J., Arolker, P. and Rai, N. (2012), “M-wallet: an SMS based payment system”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 2 No. 12, pp. 258 - 263.
Bui, T.T.H. and Bui, H.T. (2018), “Gamification impact on the acceptance of mobile payment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam”, International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, Vol. 3 No. 9, pp. 4822 - 4837.
Chauhan, M. and Shingari, I. (2017), “Future of e-wallets: a perspective from undergraduates”, International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 8, pp. 146 - 150.
Choi, Y. and Do, Q.M. (2018), “The sustainable role of the e-trust in the B2C e-commerce of Vietnam”, Sustainability, Vol. 10 No. 291, pp. 43 - 74.
Dahlberg, T. and Mallat, N. (2002), “Mobile payment service development-managerial implications of consumer value perceptions”, ECIS 2002 Proceedings, Association for Information Systems, Gdansk, pp. 139 - 169.
Do, N.H., Tham, J., Ferdous-Azam, S.M. and Khatibi, A.A. (2020), “The effects of factors influencing on user behavior intention to use mobile payment: evidence from Cambodia”, International Journal of Data and Network Science, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 213 - 224.
Field, A. (2013), Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics, 4th Edition, SAGE Publications, London.
Fintechnews Vietnam. (2019), “Overview of Vietnam’s major e-wallet and mobile payment players”, FINTECH Singapore, Available at https://fintechnews.sg/32843/vietnam/overview-ofvietnams-major-e-wallet-and-mobile-payment-players/ (Accessed 18 March, 2020).
Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975), Belief, attitude, intention, and behaviour: an introduction to theory and research, Reading, Addison-Wesley.
Gaitan, J.A., Peral, B.P. and Jeronimo, M.A.R. (2015), “Elderly and internet banking: an application of UTAUT2”, Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 1 - 24.
Gefen, D. (2000), “E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust”, The International Journal of Management Science, Vol. 28, pp. 725 - 737.
Gholami, R., Ogun, A., Koh, E. and Lim, J. (2010), “Factors affecting e-payment adoption in Nigeria”, Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 51 - 67.
Gia-Shie, L. and Pham, T.T. (2016), “A study of factors affecting the intention to use mobile payment services in Vietnam”, Economics World, Vol. 4 No. 6, pp. 249 - 273.
Hagberg, J., Sundström, M. and Nicklas, E.Z. (2016), “The digitalization of retailing: an exploratory framework”, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 44 No. 7, pp. 694 - 712.
Hotspot Shield. (2020), “How safe is the digital wallet on your smartphone?”, Hotspot Shield, Available at https://www.hotspotshield.com/resources/digital-wallet-security-concerns/ (Accessed 21 March, 2020).
Im, I., Hong, S. and Kang, M.S. (2011), “An international comparison of technology adoption: testing the UTAUT model”, Information and Management, Vol. 48 No. 1, pp. 1 - 8.
Intarot, P. and Beokhaimook, C. (2018), “Influencing factor in e-wallet acceptant and use”, International Journal of Business and Administrative Studies, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 167 - 175.
Kaiser, H.F. (1974), “An index of factorial simplicity”, Psychometrika, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 31 - 36.
Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010), “An empirical examination of factors influencing the intention to use mobile payment”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 26 No. 3, pp. 310 - 322.
Klimberg, R. and McCullough, B.D. (2012), “Regression and ANOVA”, in Klimberg, R. and McCullough, B.D. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Predictive Analytics with JMP, SAS Institute, North Carolina, pp. 87 - 129.
Lee, J.H. and Song, C.H. (2013), “Effects of trust and perceived risk on user acceptance of a new technology service”, Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 587 - 598.
Levitin, A.J. (2018), “Pandora’s digital box: the promise and perils of digital wallets”, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 166 No. 2, pp. 305 - 376.
Lim, F.W., Ahmad, F. and Talib, A.N.B.A. (2019), “Behavioural intention towards using electronic wallet: a conceptual framework in the light of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)”, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 79 - 86.
Lucas, H.C. and Spitler, V.K. (2000), “Implementation in a world of workstations and networks”, Information and Management, Vol. 38 No. 2, pp. 119 - 128.
Martins, C., Oliveira, T. and Popovic, A. (2014), “Understanding the Internet banking adoption: a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and perceived risk application”, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 1 - 13.
Megadewandanu, S. (2016), “Exploring mobile wallet adoption in Indonesia using UTAUT2: an approach from a consumer perspective”, in 2nd International Conference on Science and Technology-Computer, IEEE, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 11 - 16.
Nair, A., Dahiya, M. and Gupta, N. (2016), “Educating consumers about digital wallets”, International Journal of Research, Vol. 3 No. 13, pp. 743 - 750.
Nam, T.T. and Trang, T.T. (2020), “The impacts of consumer value and brand identification on brand loyalty and electronic word of mouth: the case of smartphone market in Ho Chi Minh City”, Journal of International Economics and Management, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 60 - 74.
Naranjo-Zolotov, M., Oliveira, T. and Casteleyn, S. (2019), “Citizens’ intention to use and recommend e-participation: drawing upon UTAUT and citizen empowerment”, Information Technology and People, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 364 - 386.
Nguyen, C., Dinh, D. and Doan, T. (2018), “The determinants of the choices of payment methods for goods and services transaction in Vietnam”, International Journal of Applied Science, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 84 - 92.
Nguyen, T.D. and Huynh, P.A. (2017), “The roles of perceived risk and trust on e–payment adoption”, Econometrics for Financial Applications, Springer, Cham, pp. 926 - 940.
Nisha, N., Idrish, S. and Hossain, M.Z. (2015), “Consumer acceptance and use of mobile banking services in Bangladesh”, Green Banking in Bangladesh and Beyond, Zaman Printing and Packaging, Bangladesh, pp. 155 - 182.
Nunnally, J.C. and Bernstein, I.H. (1994), “The assessment of reliability”, in Nunnally, J.C. and Bernstein, I.H. (Eds.), Psychometric Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 248 - 292.
Nysveen, H., Pedersen, H., Thorbjornsen, H. and Berthon, P. (2005), “Mobilizing the brand”, Journal of Service Research, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 257 - 276.
Oliveira, T., Thomas, M., Baptista, G. and Campos, F. (2016), “Mobile payment: understanding the determinants of customer adoption and intention to recommend the technology”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 61, pp. 404 - 414.
Phan, H.N., Tran, M.D., Hoang, V.H. and Dang, T.D. (2020), “Determinants influencing customers’ decision to use mobile payment services: the case of Vietnam”, Management Science Letters, Vol. 10 No. 11, pp. 2635 - 2646.
Rahi, S., Ghani, M.A., Alnaser, F.M. and Ngah, A.H. (2018), “Investigating the role of a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) in internet banking adoption context”, Management Science Letters, Vol. 8 No. 3, pp. 173 - 186.
Shafie, I.S.M., Mohd Yusof, Y.L., Mahmood, A.N., Mohd Ishar, N.I., Jamal, H.Z. and Abu Kasim, N.H.A. (2018), “Factors influencing the adoption of e-payment: an empirical study in Malaysia”, Advances in Business Research International Journal, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 53 - 62.
Shin, D.H. (2009), “Towards an understanding of the consumer acceptance of mobile wallet”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 1343 - 1354.
Slade, E.L., Dwivedi, Y.K., Piercy, N.C. and Williams, M.D. (2015), “Modeling consumers’ adoption intentions of remote mobile payments in the United Kingdom: extending UTAUT with innovativeness, risk, and trust”, Psychology and Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 8, pp. 860 - 873.
Taiwo, A.A., Mahmood, A.K. and Downe, A.G. (2012), “User acceptance of e-government: integrating risk and trust dimensions with UTAUT model”, International Conference on Computer & Information Science (ICCIS), Vol. 1, pp. 109 - 113.
Thanh, X. (2019), “Tired of e-wallets”, Young People’s Newspaper, Available at https://thanhnien.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/met-voi-vi-dien-tu-1134518.html (Accessed 01 June, 2020).
Thu, T.M. and Nhung, D.T.H. (2019), “Empirical relationship among dimensions of customer-based brand equity in e-tailing service: a study in Vietnam context”, Journal of International Economics and Management, Vol. 124, pp. 3 - 23.
Tu, N.V. (2019), Factors influencing consumer’s intention to adopt mobile wallet in Ho Chi Minh City, Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa.
Venkatesh, V. and Morris, M.G. (2000), “Why don’t men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 115 - 139.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003), “User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 425 - 478.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J.Y.L. and Xu, X. (2012), “Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 157 - 178.
Warshaw, P.R. and Davis, F.D. (1985), “The accuracy of behavioral intention versus behavioral expectation for predicting behavioral goals”, The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, Vol. 119 No. 6, pp. 599 - 602.
Wei, T.T., Marthandan, G., Chong, A.Y.L., Ooi, K.B. and Arumugam, S. (2009), “What drives Malaysian m-commerce adoption? An empirical analysis”, Industrial Management and Data Systems, Vol. 109 No. 3, pp. 370 - 388.
Widodo, M., Irawan, M.I. and Sukmono, R.A. (2019), “Extending UTAUT2 to explore digital wallet adoption in Indonesia”, in International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT), IEEE, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 878 - 883.
Williams, M.D., Rana, N.P. and Dwivedi, Y.K. (2015), “The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): a literature review”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 28 No. 3, pp. 443 - 488.
Wungwanitchakorn, A. (2002), “Adoption intention of banks’ customers on internet banking service”, ABAC Journal, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 63 - 80.
Yadav, P. (2017), “Active determinants for adoption of mobile wallet”, I-manager’s Journal of Management, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 7 - 14.
Yu, C.S. (2012), “Factors affecting individuals to adopt mobile banking: empirical evidence from the UTAUT model”, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 104 - 121.
Zhou, T. (2012), “Examining location-based services usage from the perspectives of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and privacy risk”, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 135 - 144.
Zhou, T., Lu, Y. and Wang, B. (2010), “Integrating TTF and UTAUT to explain mobile banking user adoption”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 26 No. 4, pp. 760 - 767.
Apanasevic, T., Markendahl, J. and Arvidsson, N. (2016), “Stakeholders’ expectations of mobile payment in retail: lessons from Sweden”, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 37 - 61.
Arvidsson, N. (2014), “Consumer attitudes on mobile payment services–results from a proof of concept test”, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 150 - 170.
Ashok, A., Gajera, S., Chakraborty, J., Arolker, P. and Rai, N. (2012), “M-wallet: an SMS based payment system”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 2 No. 12, pp. 258 - 263.
Bui, T.T.H. and Bui, H.T. (2018), “Gamification impact on the acceptance of mobile payment in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam”, International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, Vol. 3 No. 9, pp. 4822 - 4837.
Chauhan, M. and Shingari, I. (2017), “Future of e-wallets: a perspective from undergraduates”, International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 8, pp. 146 - 150.
Choi, Y. and Do, Q.M. (2018), “The sustainable role of the e-trust in the B2C e-commerce of Vietnam”, Sustainability, Vol. 10 No. 291, pp. 43 - 74.
Dahlberg, T. and Mallat, N. (2002), “Mobile payment service development-managerial implications of consumer value perceptions”, ECIS 2002 Proceedings, Association for Information Systems, Gdansk, pp. 139 - 169.
Do, N.H., Tham, J., Ferdous-Azam, S.M. and Khatibi, A.A. (2020), “The effects of factors influencing on user behavior intention to use mobile payment: evidence from Cambodia”, International Journal of Data and Network Science, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 213 - 224.
Field, A. (2013), Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics, 4th Edition, SAGE Publications, London.
Fintechnews Vietnam. (2019), “Overview of Vietnam’s major e-wallet and mobile payment players”, FINTECH Singapore, Available at https://fintechnews.sg/32843/vietnam/overview-ofvietnams-major-e-wallet-and-mobile-payment-players/ (Accessed 18 March, 2020).
Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975), Belief, attitude, intention, and behaviour: an introduction to theory and research, Reading, Addison-Wesley.
Gaitan, J.A., Peral, B.P. and Jeronimo, M.A.R. (2015), “Elderly and internet banking: an application of UTAUT2”, Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 1 - 24.
Gefen, D. (2000), “E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust”, The International Journal of Management Science, Vol. 28, pp. 725 - 737.
Gholami, R., Ogun, A., Koh, E. and Lim, J. (2010), “Factors affecting e-payment adoption in Nigeria”, Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 51 - 67.
Gia-Shie, L. and Pham, T.T. (2016), “A study of factors affecting the intention to use mobile payment services in Vietnam”, Economics World, Vol. 4 No. 6, pp. 249 - 273.
Hagberg, J., Sundström, M. and Nicklas, E.Z. (2016), “The digitalization of retailing: an exploratory framework”, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, Vol. 44 No. 7, pp. 694 - 712.
Hotspot Shield. (2020), “How safe is the digital wallet on your smartphone?”, Hotspot Shield, Available at https://www.hotspotshield.com/resources/digital-wallet-security-concerns/ (Accessed 21 March, 2020).
Im, I., Hong, S. and Kang, M.S. (2011), “An international comparison of technology adoption: testing the UTAUT model”, Information and Management, Vol. 48 No. 1, pp. 1 - 8.
Intarot, P. and Beokhaimook, C. (2018), “Influencing factor in e-wallet acceptant and use”, International Journal of Business and Administrative Studies, Vol. 4 No. 4, pp. 167 - 175.
Kaiser, H.F. (1974), “An index of factorial simplicity”, Psychometrika, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 31 - 36.
Kim, C., Mirusmonov, M. and Lee, I. (2010), “An empirical examination of factors influencing the intention to use mobile payment”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 26 No. 3, pp. 310 - 322.
Klimberg, R. and McCullough, B.D. (2012), “Regression and ANOVA”, in Klimberg, R. and McCullough, B.D. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Predictive Analytics with JMP, SAS Institute, North Carolina, pp. 87 - 129.
Lee, J.H. and Song, C.H. (2013), “Effects of trust and perceived risk on user acceptance of a new technology service”, Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 41 No. 4, pp. 587 - 598.
Levitin, A.J. (2018), “Pandora’s digital box: the promise and perils of digital wallets”, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 166 No. 2, pp. 305 - 376.
Lim, F.W., Ahmad, F. and Talib, A.N.B.A. (2019), “Behavioural intention towards using electronic wallet: a conceptual framework in the light of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)”, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 79 - 86.
Lucas, H.C. and Spitler, V.K. (2000), “Implementation in a world of workstations and networks”, Information and Management, Vol. 38 No. 2, pp. 119 - 128.
Martins, C., Oliveira, T. and Popovic, A. (2014), “Understanding the Internet banking adoption: a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and perceived risk application”, International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 1 - 13.
Megadewandanu, S. (2016), “Exploring mobile wallet adoption in Indonesia using UTAUT2: an approach from a consumer perspective”, in 2nd International Conference on Science and Technology-Computer, IEEE, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 11 - 16.
Nair, A., Dahiya, M. and Gupta, N. (2016), “Educating consumers about digital wallets”, International Journal of Research, Vol. 3 No. 13, pp. 743 - 750.
Nam, T.T. and Trang, T.T. (2020), “The impacts of consumer value and brand identification on brand loyalty and electronic word of mouth: the case of smartphone market in Ho Chi Minh City”, Journal of International Economics and Management, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 60 - 74.
Naranjo-Zolotov, M., Oliveira, T. and Casteleyn, S. (2019), “Citizens’ intention to use and recommend e-participation: drawing upon UTAUT and citizen empowerment”, Information Technology and People, Vol. 32 No. 2, pp. 364 - 386.
Nguyen, C., Dinh, D. and Doan, T. (2018), “The determinants of the choices of payment methods for goods and services transaction in Vietnam”, International Journal of Applied Science, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 84 - 92.
Nguyen, T.D. and Huynh, P.A. (2017), “The roles of perceived risk and trust on e–payment adoption”, Econometrics for Financial Applications, Springer, Cham, pp. 926 - 940.
Nisha, N., Idrish, S. and Hossain, M.Z. (2015), “Consumer acceptance and use of mobile banking services in Bangladesh”, Green Banking in Bangladesh and Beyond, Zaman Printing and Packaging, Bangladesh, pp. 155 - 182.
Nunnally, J.C. and Bernstein, I.H. (1994), “The assessment of reliability”, in Nunnally, J.C. and Bernstein, I.H. (Eds.), Psychometric Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 248 - 292.
Nysveen, H., Pedersen, H., Thorbjornsen, H. and Berthon, P. (2005), “Mobilizing the brand”, Journal of Service Research, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 257 - 276.
Oliveira, T., Thomas, M., Baptista, G. and Campos, F. (2016), “Mobile payment: understanding the determinants of customer adoption and intention to recommend the technology”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 61, pp. 404 - 414.
Phan, H.N., Tran, M.D., Hoang, V.H. and Dang, T.D. (2020), “Determinants influencing customers’ decision to use mobile payment services: the case of Vietnam”, Management Science Letters, Vol. 10 No. 11, pp. 2635 - 2646.
Rahi, S., Ghani, M.A., Alnaser, F.M. and Ngah, A.H. (2018), “Investigating the role of a unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) in internet banking adoption context”, Management Science Letters, Vol. 8 No. 3, pp. 173 - 186.
Shafie, I.S.M., Mohd Yusof, Y.L., Mahmood, A.N., Mohd Ishar, N.I., Jamal, H.Z. and Abu Kasim, N.H.A. (2018), “Factors influencing the adoption of e-payment: an empirical study in Malaysia”, Advances in Business Research International Journal, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 53 - 62.
Shin, D.H. (2009), “Towards an understanding of the consumer acceptance of mobile wallet”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 1343 - 1354.
Slade, E.L., Dwivedi, Y.K., Piercy, N.C. and Williams, M.D. (2015), “Modeling consumers’ adoption intentions of remote mobile payments in the United Kingdom: extending UTAUT with innovativeness, risk, and trust”, Psychology and Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 8, pp. 860 - 873.
Taiwo, A.A., Mahmood, A.K. and Downe, A.G. (2012), “User acceptance of e-government: integrating risk and trust dimensions with UTAUT model”, International Conference on Computer & Information Science (ICCIS), Vol. 1, pp. 109 - 113.
Thanh, X. (2019), “Tired of e-wallets”, Young People’s Newspaper, Available at https://thanhnien.vn/tai-chinh-kinh-doanh/met-voi-vi-dien-tu-1134518.html (Accessed 01 June, 2020).
Thu, T.M. and Nhung, D.T.H. (2019), “Empirical relationship among dimensions of customer-based brand equity in e-tailing service: a study in Vietnam context”, Journal of International Economics and Management, Vol. 124, pp. 3 - 23.
Tu, N.V. (2019), Factors influencing consumer’s intention to adopt mobile wallet in Ho Chi Minh City, Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa.
Venkatesh, V. and Morris, M.G. (2000), “Why don’t men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 115 - 139.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003), “User acceptance of information technology: toward a unified view”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 425 - 478.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J.Y.L. and Xu, X. (2012), “Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology”, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 157 - 178.
Warshaw, P.R. and Davis, F.D. (1985), “The accuracy of behavioral intention versus behavioral expectation for predicting behavioral goals”, The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, Vol. 119 No. 6, pp. 599 - 602.
Wei, T.T., Marthandan, G., Chong, A.Y.L., Ooi, K.B. and Arumugam, S. (2009), “What drives Malaysian m-commerce adoption? An empirical analysis”, Industrial Management and Data Systems, Vol. 109 No. 3, pp. 370 - 388.
Widodo, M., Irawan, M.I. and Sukmono, R.A. (2019), “Extending UTAUT2 to explore digital wallet adoption in Indonesia”, in International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT), IEEE, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, pp. 878 - 883.
Williams, M.D., Rana, N.P. and Dwivedi, Y.K. (2015), “The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT): a literature review”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. 28 No. 3, pp. 443 - 488.
Wungwanitchakorn, A. (2002), “Adoption intention of banks’ customers on internet banking service”, ABAC Journal, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 63 - 80.
Yadav, P. (2017), “Active determinants for adoption of mobile wallet”, I-manager’s Journal of Management, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 7 - 14.
Yu, C.S. (2012), “Factors affecting individuals to adopt mobile banking: empirical evidence from the UTAUT model”, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 104 - 121.
Zhou, T. (2012), “Examining location-based services usage from the perspectives of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and privacy risk”, Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 135 - 144.
Zhou, T., Lu, Y. and Wang, B. (2010), “Integrating TTF and UTAUT to explain mobile banking user adoption”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 26 No. 4, pp. 760 - 767.